Course contains learning of concept of working stress method and limit state method for various reinforced concrete sections. It includes concept of design of one way, two way and circular slabs, short column and long column, axially and eccentrically loaded columns. Students will understand the concept of footings and retaining wall design as well.
reinforced concrete design second revised edition by s n sinha | checked
Steel fatigue refers to localized damages caused by cyclic stresses of nominal magnitudes well below the static yield strength of the steel. Fatigue damage on steel bridges has been categorized as either load-induced or distortion-induced. Load-induced fatigue is due to the primary in-plane stresses in the steel plates that comprise bridge member cross-sections. The stresses for load induced fatigue can be directly correlated with the bridge live load using conventional design theories, and are typically calculated and checked in the fatigue design or evaluation process. Distortion-induced fatigue is due to secondary stresses in the steel plates that comprise bridge members. These stresses, which are typically caused by out-of-plane forces, can only be calculated with refined methods of analysis or measured by strain gages, far beyond the scope of a conventional bridge design or evaluation. 2ff7e9595c
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